For example, the word hamburger can be pronounced, the word soccer can be pronounced etc. In Quebec French, the vowel /œ̃/ is generally pronounced and the r-colored vowels are also pronounced in loan words. The name of the street Dazhalan ( 大栅栏) in Beijing is pronounced as 'Da-shi-lar' ( Dàshà nlà n(r) → Dàshílàr). For example, the name of the famous restaurant Go Believe ( 狗不理) in Tianjin is pronounced as 'Gourbli' ( Gǒu(r)b ùlǐ → Gǒurblǐ). This also occurs in the middle syllables of compound words consisting of three or more syllables. Chifeng, Hailar), and in the Northeast, vocalic r occurs as a diminutive marker of nouns (pinyin: ér) and the perfective aspect particle ( 了 le). Tangshan, Baoding, Chengde), eastern Inner Mongolia (e.g. In rhotic accents of Standard Mandarin, such as those from Beijing, Tianjin, most of the Hebei province (e.g. This erhua has since spread to other provincial capitals not home to Standard Mandarin, such as Shijiazhuang, Jinan, Xian, Chongqing, and Chengdu. Major cities that have this form of rhotacized ending include Beijing, Tianjin, Tangshan, Shenyang, Changchun, Jilin, Harbin, and Qiqihar. If the word ends in a velar nasal ( ng), the final consonant is lost and the vowel becomes nasalized.
In many words, the -r suffix ( simplified Chinese: 儿 traditional Chinese: 兒) is added to indicate some meaning changes. Mandarin speakers call this phenomenon erhua. In Mandarin, the rhotacized ending of some words is the prime way by which to distinguish speakers of Standard Northern Mandarin (Beijing Mandarin) and Southwestern Mandarin from those of other forms of Mandarin in China. In certain particular cases, a vowel + /r/ is pronounced instead as two syllables: a non-rhotic vowel followed by a syllabic /r/.
However, there have always been other singing styles in which r-colored vowels are given their full emphasis, including traditional Irish singing styles and those of many performers of country music. In European classical singing, dropping or weakening of r-colored vowels has been nearly universal and is a standard part of classical vocal training. This can be represented in IPA by using a succession of two symbols such as or, rather than the unitary symbol. In words such as start, many speakers have r-coloring only in the coda of the vowel, rather than as a simultaneous articulation modifying the whole duration.
This diacritic is the hook of ⟨ ɚ⟩, a symbol constructed by John Samuel Kenyon along with ⟨ ᶔ⟩ by adding the retroflex hook (right hook) to ⟨ ə⟩ and ⟨ ɜ⟩. For example, the IPA symbol for schwa is ⟨ ə⟩, while the IPA symbol for an r-colored schwa is ⟨ ɚ⟩. In the IPA, an r-colored vowel is indicated by a hook diacritic (⟨ ˞ ⟩) placed to the right of the regular symbol for the vowel.